By: Cheryl Bowman
Variety: Begonia Abenrot
Family: Begoniaceae
Cultivar: N/A
Zones: 10 to 11
AHS Heat Zone: Not defined for this plant
Soil Type: Some sand to clay loam
Soil pH: 6 to 7
Sunlight: Shade to dappled
Watering: Moist
Fertilizer: Water-soluble, quick-release fertilizer
Availability: Sold as live, potted plants.
When to plant: Plant the Abenrot Begonia at any time during the growing season when there is no danger of frost.
Planting Method
Dig a planting hole twice the size of the root ball and as deep as the soil in the container. Center in the planting hole and backfill with soil. Mulch with compost or pulverized bark and water well.
Watering
Water with at least an inch of water per week. The soil should be kept moist to a depth of 18 inches. Keep the soil moist at all times, but do not allow the soil to become soggy.
Fertilizing
Fertilize with water-soluble, quick-release fertilizer every 12 to 14 days or as otherwise directed on the package. If a soil test shows low or missing nutrients, use a nutrient-specific fertilizer instead of an all-purpose fertilizer.
Production
Abenrot Begonia is a low-maintenance evergreen that produces green foliage. The leaves may be patterned. This cultivar grows to a height of about a foot and up to a foot and a half wide.
Diseases
- Leaf Spots: Bacteria or fungi cause brown or black spots on leaves. The leaf spots have no particular shape, but the edges look yellow. People, rain and insects spread leaf spots. When the plant is dry, remove the infected leaves. Be sure to keep the plant pruned properly, and clean up any dropped leaves under the plant. Water plants from below, taking care to keep the foliage dry. Leaf spots can also be controlled with fungicide.
- Powdery Mildew: Powdery mildew is a fungus that usually affects plants that have low air circulation and inadequate light. It is a bigger problem in the early spring and fall months, when the temperatures swing from high during the day to low at night, especially in zones with a lot of humidity. Powdery mildew forms a white or gray coating on the top of the leaves, making them turn yellow, curl up and drop off. It also causes stunted fruit that drops early. To control powdery mildew, decrease watering, use a fertilizer that is low in nitrogen and keep water off the foliage. Apply fungicides as directed.
- Rhizactonia Root and Stem Rot: Rhizoctonia is found in a lot of soils. It enters the plant through the roots and causes it to wilt as it travels up the stems. The lower leaves will wilt first. If you think your plant has this problem, decrease watering. If all of the leaves are wilted, discard the plant and clean the pot with a bleach-and-water mixture. Fungicides will also control Rhizactonia.
- Sooty Mold: Sooty mold is a black, sticky fungus that feeds on honeydew put out by aphids, mealybugs and scale insects. It attracts ants. You can get rid of it by keeping the pests out of your plants and by washing away with a sprayer. Though it is a fungus, fungicides may not control it. Be sure to keep the plant properly pruned to help with sooty mold.
Pests
- Mealybugs: Mealybugs are covered with a white wax and feed on plants by inserting stylets into the plant. They secrete honeydew, which creates sooty mold and attracts ants. Eggs are laid inside a cotton-type pouch and hatch in 7 to 10 days. The adults live about 30 days, and can lay several hundred eggs. Control mealybugs with an insecticidal soap or pesticides.
- Scale Insects: The 1/8-inch-long scale insect attaches itself to the leaves and stems of plants. While the males have wings, the females do not, and spend their lives attached to the plant, sucking out juices with their piercing mouth parts. The scale insect excretes honeydew, which causes sooty mold that attracts ants. Cut any infected leaves off the plants. If the stems are also infected, you may have to dispose of the entire plant. You may be able to control them with insecticidal soaps or pesticides. You can also introduce parasitic wasps to your garden, as they are the scale insect's natural enemies. Lady beetles are also natural enemies.
- Slugs and Snails: Slugs and snails will eat any part of the plant that is not overly woody. They do not like scented foliage, so they tend to stay away from areas with highly scented plants. They can be controlled with chemicals, but these chemicals are dangerous to children and pets. To try to control them without chemicals, set beer traps in the late spring. Remove any type of ground cover, including mulch. Keep the garden area picked up; do not leave pots, rocks, wood or tarps in the area.
- Spider Mites: Spider mites are tiny, eight-legged insects that feed on foliage, causing stippling, a distinctive spotted look on the leaves. They also create a thin web on the plants, and will use the web to move from one plant to another. Adults live up to 21 days and lay hundreds of eggs, which hatch in two to four days. You will probably need a magnifying glass to see the adults, eggs and nymphs. The adult will have two distinctive black spots on it. Spider mites tend to become immune to pesticides, so if you decide to use them, rotate the type of pesticide you use. Natural predators include predator mites, pirate bugs and lady beetles. Isolate plants infected with spider mites to stop their spread.
- Thrips: Out of the 6,000-plus species of thrips, there are five that like to visit garden plants. These narrow-bodied insects are about 1/8-inch long and have a life span of about 45 days. They are commonly found eating foliage, including the stems of plants. They do not like cooler temperatures and will invade a warm greenhouse. Keep plants well-weeded and use sticky strips to trap thrips. Some pesticides may work, though some only kill the larvae, not adult insects. Natural enemies include lacewings, ladybeetles and pirate bugs.
- Whiteflies: Whiteflies are less than 1/8 of an inch long, with white wings and yellow bodies. Their eggs hatch in 8 to 11 days. They have piercing mouthparts and suck the juices from plants, which causes stunted growth and yellow leaves. They can be controlled with pesticides, but in order for them to be effective, the underside of the leaves must be treated. Parasitic wasps and lady beetles can be used for outdoor control.
Cleanup
Prune Abenrot Begonia in the spring and throughout the growing season for dead and decaying plant matter. Pinch the stem tips and prune the outside stems to encourage a bushier plant.
Saving Seeds
Propagate by dividing the root ball or via stem cuttings. Dip stem cuttings in rooting powder and plant in amended soil. Water well.
